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Telus business plans bcr Coast[ edit ] In —29 Cammell Laird built a set of five ships for CN [6] to carry mail, passengers and freight between eastern Canada and the Caribbean via Bermuda.
Each ship was named after the wife of an English or British admiral who was noted for his actions in the Caribbean, [9] and who had been knighted or ennobled. Lady Nelson was torpedoed in but refloated and converted to a hospital ship while Lady Rodney survived the war unscathed. The two surviving Lady Boats were sold in after declining passenger traffic and rising labour costs made them too expensive to run.
Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. April Learn how and when to remove this template message CN Spirit of Windsor on display at Windsor, Ontario riverfront Regardless of the political and economic importance of railway transportation in Canada, there were many critics of the Canadian government's policies in maintaining CNR as a Crown corporation from its inception in until its privatization in Some of the most scathing criticism came from the railway industry itself—namely the commercially successful Canadian Pacific Railway CPRwhich argued its taxes should not be used to fund a competitor.
As a result of history and geography, the CPR served larger population centres in the southern Prairieswhile the CNR's merged system served as a de facto government colonization railway to serve remote and underdeveloped regions of Western Canada, northern Ontario and Quebecand the Maritimes.
CN was also disadvantaged by being formed from a collection of insolvent rail systems that were not intrinsically viable, as they seldom had the shortest route between any major cities or industrial centres; to this day,[ when?
The only notable exception is the former Grand Trunk mainline between Montreal and Chicago. The company was also used as an instrument of federal government policy, from the operation of ferries in Atlantic Canadato assuming the operation of the narrow-gauge Newfoundland Railway following that province's entry into Confederationand the partnership with CPR in purchasing and operating the Northern Alberta Railways.
CNR as a social and economic tool[ edit ] This section does not cite any sources. July Learn how and when to remove this template message CNR was considered competitive with CPR in several areas, notably in Central Canada, prior to the age of the automobile and the dense highway network that grew in Ontario and Quebec.
CNR was also considered a railway industry leader throughout its time as a Crown corporation in terms of research and development into railway safety systems, logistics management, and in terms of its relationship with labour unions.
Deregulation and recapitalization[ edit ] This section does not cite any sources. July Learn how and when to remove this template message From the creation of CNR in until its recapitalization inwhenever the company posted a deficit, the federal government would assume those costs in the government budget.
The result of various governments using CNR as a vehicle for various social and economic policies was a subsidization running into billions of dollars over successive decades. Following its recapitalization and changes in management, CN name changed to Canadian National Railway, using the shortened acronym CN in started to operate much more efficiently, by assuming its own debt, improving accounting practices to allow depreciation of assets and to access financial markets for further capital.
Cutbacks and refocusing[ edit ] This section does not cite any sources.
July Learn how and when to remove this template message The CN ferry Hopedale off the outport of La Poile BayNewfoundland, in CN's rise to profitability was assisted when the company started to remove itself from non-core freight rail transportation starting in when subsidiary Air Canada created in as Trans-Canada Air Lines became a separate federal Crown corporation.
That same year saw CN move its ferry operations into a separate Crown corporation named CN Marinefollowed similarly by the grouping of passenger rail services for marketing purposes under the name Via-CN.
The following yearthe federal government decided to create Via Rail as a separate Crown corporation to take over passenger services previously offered by both CN and CPR, including CN's flagship transcontinental train the Super Continental and its eastern counterpart the Ocean.
CN Marine was renamed Marine Atlantic in to remove any references to its former parent organization.
CN also grouped its money-losing Newfoundland operations into a separate subsidiary called Terra Transport so federal subsidies for this service would be more visible in company statements.
CN also divested itself in the late s and throughout the s of several non-rail transportation activities such as trucking subsidiaries, a hotel chain sold to CPRreal estate, and telecommunications companies.
The biggest telecommunications property was a company co-owned by CN and CP CNCP Telecommunications that originated from a joint venture involving the railways' respective telegraph services.
Another telecommunications property wholly owned and built by CN was the CN Tower in Toronto, which still keeps its original name but was divested by the railway company in the mids.
All proceeds from such sales were used to pay down CN's accumulated debt. At the time of their divestitures, all of these subsidiaries required considerable subsidies, which partly explained CN's financial problems prior to recapitalization.
CN also was given free rein by the federal government following deregulation of the railway industry in the s, as well as inwhen railway companies began to make tough business decisions by removing themselves from operating money-losing branch lines. In CN's case, some of these branch lines were those it had been forced to absorb through federal government policies and outright patronage, while others were from the heady expansion era of rural branch lines in the s and early s and were considered obsolete following the development of local road networks.
In the period starting in the late s and throughout the s and early s, thousands of kilometres of railway lines were abandoned, including the complete track networks on Newfoundland CN subsidiary Terra Transportthe former Newfoundland Railway ended railway freight operations and mixed freight-passenger trains in Andre’s Wireless is a TELUS Smartphone, TV, Internet, and Business Solutions authorized dealer with 19 locations throughout British Columbia.
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